author consortium pmid date trait efo analysis source outcome exposure covariates outcome_units exposure_units methylation_array tissue further_details n n_cohorts age sex ethnicity cpg chrpos chr pos gene type beta se p details study_id Mulder RH ALSPAC,Generation R 33450751 25/01/2021 age EFO_0000246 Model 1 with age as a fixed effect http://epidelta.mrcieu.ac.uk/ DNA methylation age sex,gestational age,cohort,cell composition (reference based),batch effects Beta Values years Illumina HumanMethylation450 Whole blood None 2338 2 Children Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore 0.008 0.00022 0 None 33450751_Mulder-RH_age_model_1_with_age_as_a_fixed_effect Mulder RH ALSPAC,Generation R 33450751 25/01/2021 age EFO_0000246 Model 2 at 6y with age as a fixed effect http://epidelta.mrcieu.ac.uk/ DNA methylation age sex,gestational age,cohort,cell composition (reference based),batch effects Beta Values years Illumina HumanMethylation450 Whole blood None 2338 2 Children Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore -0.032 0.00091 0 None 33450751_Mulder-RH_age_model_2_at_6y_with_age_as_a_fixed_effect Singmann P - 26500701 2015-10-19 Sex EFO_0001271 Meta-analysis Additional file 2 DNA methylation Sex Age, smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index, triglycerides, total leucocytes, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, physical activity, diabetes, myocardial infarction, cell counts and technical covariates Beta values - Illumina HumanMethylation450 Whole blood - 1999 3 35.7 Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore - - 0 - 26500701_sex_metaanalysis Xu CJ - 28056824 2017-01-05 Age 4 vs age 0 EFO_0000246 - Additional file 3 DNA methylation Age 4 vs age 0 Sex, cell counts and technical covariates Beta values - Illumina HumanMethylation450 Whole blood and cord blood - 269 2 - Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore - - 4.65e-143 - 28056824_age_4_vs_age_0 Battram T GEO 30602389 2020-09-15 Tissue None EWAS Catalog re-analysis of GEO data. GEO accession ID is GSE124366. Tissue types are buccal epithelial cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells None DNA methylation Tissue Batch effects, cell composition (reference free) Beta Values None Illumina HumanMethylation450 Buccal cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells None 215 1 Children Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore 0.12517 0.00379 2.7e-81 None 30602389_Battram-T_tissue_ewas_catalog_re-analysis_of_geo_data__geo_accession_id_is_gse124366__tissue_types_are_buccal_epithelial_cells_and_peripheral_blood_mononuclear_cells Bonder MJ - 25282492 2014-10-04 Fetal vs adult liver UBERON_0002107, GO_0048513 - Additional file 2 DNA methylation Fetal vs adult liver Sex and technical covariates M values - Illumina HumanMethylation450 Liver - 195 2 - Missing None cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore -1.34163 0.05903 2.37e-38 - 25282492_fetal_vs_adult_liver Kachroo P None 33468710 2021-01-19 Age EFO_0000246 Fetal age Table 2a DNA methylation Age in-utero-smoke exposure to cotinine, sex, batch effects Beta Values days Illumina HumanMethylation450 Lung None 78 1 Infants Both Admixed cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore 0.003 0.00024 1.0000000000000001e-34 None 33468710_Kachroo-P_age_fetal_age Singmann P - 26500701 2015-10-19 Sex EFO_0001271 KORA F4 Additional file 2 DNA methylation Sex Age, smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index, triglycerides, total leucocytes, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, physical activity, diabetes, myocardial infarction, cell counts and technical covariates Beta values - Illumina HumanMethylation450 Whole blood - 1799 1 60 Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore - - 7.94e-20 - 26500701_sex_kora_f4 Hannah M. Smith Generation Scotland 39706196 Jan 2, 2025 BMI EFO_0004340 discovery None DNA methylation BMI Age,Sex,Smoking,Cell composition (reference based),Batch effects Other kg/m2 Illumina HumanMethylationEPIC Whole blood None 17304 1 Adults Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore 0.29413 0.0368759 0.000000000000001602421 None 39706196_Hannah-M.-Smith_bmi_discovery Mulder RH ALSPAC,Generation R 33450751 25/01/2021 sex PATO_0000047 Discovery http://epidelta.mrcieu.ac.uk/ DNA methylation sex gestational age,cohort,cell composition (reference based),batch effects Beta Values None Illumina HumanMethylation450 Whole blood None 2338 2 Children Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore -0.017 0.0021 0.0000000000000033 None 33450751_Mulder-RH_sex_discovery Hannah M. Smith Generation Scotland 39706196 Jan 2, 2025 HDL cholesterol EFO_0004612 discovery None DNA methylation HDL cholesterol Age,Sex,Smoking,Cell composition (reference based),Batch effects Other mmol/L Illumina HumanMethylationEPIC Whole blood None 18225 1 Adults Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore -0.28002 0.0358458 0.000000000000005942637 None 39706196_Hannah-M.-Smith_hdl_cholesterol_discovery Hannah M. Smith Generation Scotland 39706196 Jan 2, 2025 Body fat EFO_0007800 discovery None DNA methylation Body fat Age,Sex,Smoking,Cell composition (reference based),Batch effects Other % Illumina HumanMethylationEPIC Whole blood None 17304 1 Adults Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore 0.256221 0.0369769 0.00000000000438091 None 39706196_Hannah-M.-Smith_body_fat_discovery Kashima K None 33564054 2021-02-09 gestational age EFO_0005112 None Supplementary Table 6 DNA methylation gestational age sex, batch effects, cell composition (reference based), cesarean section, maternal pre-pregnancy bmi, maternal smoking before pregnancy, chorioamnionitis, idiopathic premature rupture of the membrane, preeclampsia Beta Values weeks Illumina HumanMethylation450 Cord blood None 110 1 Infants Both East Asian cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore 0.0041 0.00063 0.0000000019 None 33564054_Kashima-K_gestational_age Sharp GC - 28603561 2017-06-08 Cleft palate vs cleft lip EFO_0003959, HP_0000175 - Additional file 5 DNA methylation Cleft palate vs cleft lip Sex and technical covariates Beta values - Illumina HumanMethylation450 Whole blood - 98 1 0 Both European,Other cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore 0.03381696 0.00509558 0.00000000296 - 28603561_cleft_palate_vs_cleft_lip Josephine Robertson Generation Scotland 41361833 Dec 8, 2025 P08571 None OSCA model 1 10.5281/zenodo.16924748 DNA methylation P08571 Age,Sex M values None Illumina HumanMethylationEPIC whole blood None 14671 1 Adults (18-65 years) Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore -0.0473032 0.00824733 0.000000009909578 P08571 41361833_Josephine_Robertson_P08571_OSCA_model_1 Josephine Robertson Generation Scotland 41361833 Dec 8, 2025 P01023 None OSCA model 1 10.5281/zenodo.16924748 DNA methylation P01023 Age,Sex M values None Illumina HumanMethylationEPIC whole blood None 14671 1 Adults (18-65 years) Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore -0.045821 0.0082479 0.00000002816654 P01023 41361833_Josephine_Robertson_P01023_OSCA_model_1 Robert F. Hillary Generation Scotland doi.org/10.1101/2023.11.02.23298000 Nov 3, 2023 C-reactive protein (CRP) levels None Basic model None C-reactive protein (CRP) levels DNA methylation Age, Sex, Cell composition (reference based), Batch effects mg/L Beta values Illumina HumanMethylationEPIC Whole blood None 17936 1 Adults Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore 1.2 0.231 0.000000078 Basic_Model Robert-F.-Hillary_c-reactive_protein__crp__levels_basic_model Josephine Robertson Generation Scotland 41361833 Dec 8, 2025 P04114 None OSCA model 1 10.5281/zenodo.16924748 DNA methylation P04114 Age,Sex M values None Illumina HumanMethylationEPIC whole blood None 14671 1 Adults (18-65 years) Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore 0.0441229 0.00824853 0.00000008968043 P04114 41361833_Josephine_Robertson_P04114_OSCA_model_1 Josephine Robertson Generation Scotland 41361833 Dec 8, 2025 P01023 None OSCA model 2 10.5281/zenodo.16924748 DNA methylation P01023 Age,Sex,Cell composition (reference based) M values None Illumina HumanMethylationEPIC whole blood None 14671 1 Adults (18-65 years) Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore -0.044189 0.00832554 0.0000001126653 P01023 41361833_Josephine_Robertson_P01023_OSCA_model_2 Singmann P - 26500701 2015-10-19 Sex EFO_0001271 KORA F3 Additional file 2 DNA methylation Sex Age, smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index, triglycerides, total leucocytes, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, physical activity, diabetes, myocardial infarction, cell counts and technical covariates Beta values - Illumina HumanMethylation450 Whole blood - 500 1 53 Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore - - 0.000000119 - 26500701_sex_kora_f3 Josephine Robertson Generation Scotland 41361833 Dec 8, 2025 P08571 None OSCA model 2 10.5281/zenodo.16924748 DNA methylation P08571 Age,Sex,Cell composition (reference based) M values None Illumina HumanMethylationEPIC whole blood None 14671 1 Adults (18-65 years) Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore -0.0432783 0.00834744 0.0000002193368 P08571 41361833_Josephine_Robertson_P08571_OSCA_model_2 Sikdar S PACE 31536415 2019-09-19 Prenatal smoke exposure EFO_0009115, EFO_0008361, EFO_0006527, EFO_0004318 Inverse varience-weighted fixed-effects meta-analysis Table S1 DNA methylation Prenatal smoke exposure Maternal age, socioeconomic position, cell composition (reference based), batch effects Beta Values None Illumina HumanMethylation450 Cord blood, whole blood None 5648 9 Infants Both European, African, Unclear cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore 0.0046 0.0009 0.00000037 None 31536415_Sikdar-S_prenatal_smoke_exposure_inverse_varience-weighted_fixed-effects_meta-analysis Joubert BR PACE 27040690 2016-04-07 Maternal smoking in pregnancy EFO_0006527, EFO_0005671, EFO_0004318, EFO_0002950 Sustained maternal smoking in pregnancy effect on newborns adjusted for cell counts Table S3 DNA methylation Maternal smoking in pregnancy Maternal age, maternal education, parity, white blood cell counts and technical covariates Beta values - Illumina HumanMethylation450 Cord blood - 5647 9 0 Missing European,African,Admixed,Other cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore 0.005 0.001 0.000000374 - 27040690_maternal_smoking_in_pregnancy_sustained_maternal_smoking_in_pregnancy_effect_on_newborns_adjusted_for_cell_counts Joubert BR PACE 27040690 2016-04-07 Maternal smoking in pregnancy EFO_0006527, EFO_0005671, EFO_0004318, EFO_0002950 Any maternal smoking in pregnancy effect on newborns Table S3 DNA methylation Maternal smoking in pregnancy Maternal age, maternal education, parity and technical covariates Beta values - Illumina HumanMethylation450 Cord blood - 6685 13 0 Missing European,East Asian,African,Admixed,Other cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore 0.004 0.001 0.000000388 - 27040690_maternal_smoking_in_pregnancy_any_maternal_smoking_in_pregnancy_effect_on_newborns Josephine Robertson Generation Scotland 41361833 Dec 8, 2025 P20742 None OSCA model 1 10.5281/zenodo.16924748 DNA methylation P20742 Age,Sex M values None Illumina HumanMethylationEPIC whole blood None 14671 1 Adults (18-65 years) Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore -0.0416188 0.00824942 0.0000004588007 P20742 41361833_Josephine_Robertson_P20742_OSCA_model_1 Josephine Robertson Generation Scotland 41361833 Dec 8, 2025 P02647 None OSCA model 2 10.5281/zenodo.16924748 DNA methylation P02647 Age,Sex,Cell composition (reference based) M values None Illumina HumanMethylationEPIC whole blood None 14671 1 Adults (18-65 years) Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore -0.0416412 0.00832854 0.0000005804762 P02647 41361833_Josephine_Robertson_P02647_OSCA_model_2 Joubert BR PACE 27040690 2016-04-07 Maternal smoking in pregnancy EFO_0006527, EFO_0005671, EFO_0004318, EFO_0002950 Sustained maternal smoking in pregnancy effect on newborns Table S3 DNA methylation Maternal smoking in pregnancy Maternal age, maternal education, parity and technical covariates Beta values - Illumina HumanMethylation450 Cord blood - 5647 9 0 Missing European,African,Admixed,Other cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore 0.004 0.001 0.000000604 - 27040690_maternal_smoking_in_pregnancy_sustained_maternal_smoking_in_pregnancy_effect_on_newborns Dugue P-A Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study 31789449 2019-11-04 Alcohol consumption EFO_0004329, EFO_0007878 Previous week consumption discovery Supplementary Table 3 Alcohol consumption DNA methylation age, sex, smoking, body mass index country of birth, sample type, cell composition (reference based), batch effects g/day M Values Illumina HumanMethylation450 Whole blood None 5606 1 Adults Both Unclear cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore None None 0.00000068 None 31789449_Dugue-P-A_alcohol_consumption_previous_week_consumption_discovery Josephine Robertson Generation Scotland 41361833 Dec 8, 2025 P20742 None OSCA model 2 10.5281/zenodo.16924748 DNA methylation P20742 Age,Sex,Cell composition (reference based) M values None Illumina HumanMethylationEPIC whole blood None 14671 1 Adults (18-65 years) Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore -0.0409392 0.00834021 0.0000009268834 P20742 41361833_Josephine_Robertson_P20742_OSCA_model_2 Josephine Robertson Generation Scotland 41361833 Dec 8, 2025 P10643 None OSCA model 1 10.5281/zenodo.16924748 DNA methylation P10643 Age,Sex M values None Illumina HumanMethylationEPIC whole blood None 14671 1 Adults (18-65 years) Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore -0.0397965 0.00825003 0.000001422629 P10643 41361833_Josephine_Robertson_P10643_OSCA_model_1 Josephine Robertson Generation Scotland 41361833 Dec 8, 2025 P08603 None OSCA model 2 10.5281/zenodo.16924748 DNA methylation P08603 Age,Sex,Cell composition (reference based) M values None Illumina HumanMethylationEPIC whole blood None 14671 1 Adults (18-65 years) Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore 0.03911 0.00834447 0.00000279825 P08603 41361833_Josephine_Robertson_P08603_OSCA_model_2 Josephine Robertson Generation Scotland 41361833 Dec 8, 2025 P08185 None OSCA model 2 10.5281/zenodo.16924748 DNA methylation P08185 Age,Sex,Cell composition (reference based) M values None Illumina HumanMethylationEPIC whole blood None 14671 1 Adults (18-65 years) Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore -0.0386548 0.00833993 0.00000360186 P08185 41361833_Josephine_Robertson_P08185_OSCA_model_2 Josephine Robertson Generation Scotland 41361833 Dec 8, 2025 P01024 None OSCA model 2 10.5281/zenodo.16924748 DNA methylation P01024 Age,Sex,Cell composition (reference based) M values None Illumina HumanMethylationEPIC whole blood None 14671 1 Adults (18-65 years) Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore 0.0376211 0.00835573 0.00000676968 P01024 41361833_Josephine_Robertson_P01024_OSCA_model_2 Dugue P-A Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study 31789449 2019-11-04 Alcohol consumption EFO_0004329, EFO_0007878 Lifetime consumption discovery Supplementary Table 3 Alcohol consumption DNA methylation age, sex, smoking, body mass index country of birth, sample type, cell composition (reference based), batch effects g/day M Values Illumina HumanMethylation450 Whole blood None 5606 1 Adults Both Unclear cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore None None 0.0000079 None 31789449_Dugue-P-A_alcohol_consumption_lifetime_consumption_discovery Hannah M. Smith Generation Scotland 39706196 Jan 2, 2025 Waist-hip ratio EFO_0004343 discovery None DNA methylation Waist-hip ratio Age,Sex,Smoking,Cell composition (reference based),Batch effects Other None Illumina HumanMethylationEPIC Whole blood None 17304 1 Adults Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore 0.164733 0.0368936 0.000008054156 None 39706196_Hannah-M.-Smith_waist-hip_ratio_discovery Josephine Robertson Generation Scotland 41361833 Dec 8, 2025 P02647 None OSCA model 1 10.5281/zenodo.16924748 DNA methylation P02647 Age,Sex M values None Illumina HumanMethylationEPIC whole blood None 14671 1 Adults (18-65 years) Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore -0.0365572 0.00825105 0.000009464532 P02647 41361833_Josephine_Robertson_P02647_OSCA_model_1 Christiansen C TwinsUK, NSHD, NCDS1, NCDS2, BCS70 33593402 2021-02-16 Smoking EFO_0004318, EFO_0006527 Current vs never smoking meta-analysis in European samples Table S1 DNA methylation Smoking Sex, cell composition (reference based), body mass index, batch effects, relatedness Beta Values None Illumina HumanMethylationEPIC Whole blood None 912 5 Adults Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore None None 0.000013 None 33593402_Christiansen-C_smoking_current_vs_never_smoking_meta-analysis_in_european_samples Josephine Robertson Generation Scotland 41361833 Dec 8, 2025 P08571 None OSCA model 3 10.5281/zenodo.16924748 DNA methylation P08571 Age,Sex,Cell composition (reference based),Body mass index, Smoking M values None Illumina HumanMethylationEPIC whole blood None 14671 1 Adults (18-65 years) Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore -0.0363757 0.00834493 0.00001315414 P08571 41361833_Josephine_Robertson_P08571_OSCA_model_3 Josephine Robertson Generation Scotland 41361833 Dec 8, 2025 P02751 None OSCA model 1 10.5281/zenodo.16924748 DNA methylation P02751 Age,Sex M values None Illumina HumanMethylationEPIC whole blood None 14671 1 Adults (18-65 years) Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore 0.0349618 0.00825152 0.00002278959 P02751 41361833_Josephine_Robertson_P02751_OSCA_model_1 Josephine Robertson Generation Scotland 41361833 Dec 8, 2025 P10643 None OSCA model 2 10.5281/zenodo.16924748 DNA methylation P10643 Age,Sex,Cell composition (reference based) M values None Illumina HumanMethylationEPIC whole blood None 14671 1 Adults (18-65 years) Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore -0.034792 0.00834766 0.00003092122 P10643 41361833_Josephine_Robertson_P10643_OSCA_model_2 Josephine Robertson Generation Scotland 41361833 Dec 8, 2025 P02750 None OSCA model 1 10.5281/zenodo.16924748 DNA methylation P02750 Age,Sex M values None Illumina HumanMethylationEPIC whole blood None 14671 1 Adults (18-65 years) Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore -0.0339478 0.00825181 0.00003910201 P02750 41361833_Josephine_Robertson_P02750_OSCA_model_1 Bohlin J - 27717397 2016-10-07 Gestational age EFO_0005112 Last menstrual period-estimated gestational age Table S2 DNA methylation Gestational age Offspring sex, maternal age, maternal smoking, study design, caesarean section and cell counts Beta values days Illumina HumanMethylation450 Cord blood - 1068 1 0 Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore 0.00033789 8.2e-05 0.0000407 - 27717397_gestational_age_last_menstrual_periodestimated_gestational_age Josephine Robertson Generation Scotland 41361833 Dec 8, 2025 P04114 None OSCA model 2 10.5281/zenodo.16924748 DNA methylation P04114 Age,Sex,Cell composition (reference based) M values None Illumina HumanMethylationEPIC whole blood None 14671 1 Adults (18-65 years) Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore 0.0337574 0.00826529 0.00004445802 P04114 41361833_Josephine_Robertson_P04114_OSCA_model_2 Liu J Rotterdam Study III-1, Rotterdam Study II-3 and Rotterdam Study III-2, Netherlands Twin Register, UK adult Twin registry 31197173 2013-06-19 fasting insulin EFO_0004466 Base Supplementary Data 1 DNA methylation fasting insulin Age, sex, smoking, cell composition (reference based), batch effects Beta Values log pmol/L Illumina HumanMethylation450 whole blood None 4808 4 Adults Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore 1.07 0.26 0.000049 4740 31197173_Liu-J_fasting_insulin_base Josephine Robertson Generation Scotland 41361833 Dec 8, 2025 P08603 None OSCA model 1 10.5281/zenodo.16924748 DNA methylation P08603 Age,Sex M values None Illumina HumanMethylationEPIC whole blood None 14671 1 Adults (18-65 years) Both European cg00079023 chr5:139492535 5 139492535 PURA North shore 0.0329044 0.0082521 0.00006712717 P08603 41361833_Josephine_Robertson_P08603_OSCA_model_1